4191. muth
Lexical Summary
muth: to die
Original Word: מוּת
Transliteration: muth
Phonetic Spelling: (mooth)
Part of Speech: Verb
Short Definition: to die
Meaning: to die, to kill
Strong's Concordance
crying, be dead body, man, one, put to, worthy of death, destroyer,

A primitive root: to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill -- X at all, X crying, (be) dead (body, man, one), (put to, worthy of) death, destroy(-er), (cause to, be like to, must) die, kill, necro(-mancer), X must needs, slay, X surely, X very suddenly, X in (no) wise.

Brown-Driver-Briggs

H4191. muth

מוּתverb die (Late Hebrew id. (rare); Assyrian mâtu DlHWB 395, Arabic , Ethiopic , Aramaic מִית מוּת,‎, ; Nabataean מות‎ EutNab 14, 6; Zinjirli מת‎ DHMSendsch. Glossary); —

Qal Perfect3masculine singular מֵתGenesis 42:38 +; 3 feminine singular מֵ֫תָה35:18 +; 2 masculine singular מַתֶּהEzekiel 28:8; 1singular וָמַ֑תִּיGenesis 19:19; 3masculine plural מֵ֫תוּ7:22 +; 1 plural מַתְנוּNumbers 14:2; 2 Kings 7:4; מָ֑תְנוּNumbers 14:9 +; Imperfect יָמוּתGenesis 38:11 +; יָמֹ֑תDeuteronomy 33:6 +; וַיָּ֫מָתGenesis 11:28 +; 1 singular אָמוּת26:9 +; אָמֻת2 Samuel 19:38; אָמוּ֫תָהGenesis 46:30; 3masculine plural יָמ֫וּתוּ1 Samuel 2:23 +; יְמֻתוּןNumbers 16:29; 3feminine plural תְּמוּתֶ֫נָהEzekiel 13:19 (Ges§ 72, 5) +; Imperative מֻתDeuteronomy 32:50; Job 2:9; Infinitive absolute מוֺתGenesis 2:17 +; construct מוּת25:32 +; suffix מוּתִי2 Samuel 19:1; מֻתָן20:3, etc.; Participle מֵתGenesis 20:3 +; suffix מֵתִי23:4 +; feminine singular מֵתָה30:1; Zechariah 11:9; plural מֵתִיםExodus 12:33 +; construct מֵתֵיIsaiah 22:2 +; suffix מֵתֶיךָ26:19; —

1 die, of natural or other causes:

a. (1) of man, וַיָּמָת וַיִּגְוִעand he expired and died Genesis 25:8 ( + טוֺבָה בְּשֵׂיבֶה‎, see below), 25:17; 35:29 (P); וַיִּקָּבֵר וַיָּמָתJudges 10:2, 5; 8:32; 12:7, 10, 12, 15; 2 Samuel 17:23; וימת תַּחְתָּיו וימלךand he died and — reigned in his stead Genesis 36:33-34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 (P), 2 Samuel 10:1 = 1 Chronicles 19:1; 2 Kings 1:17; 8:15; 13:24; 1 Chronicles 1:44-45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50; טוֺבָה בְּשֵׂיבָה וימתand he died in a good old age 29:28 (+ Genesis 25:8, see above); as the result of smiting הכהExodus 21:18, 20, 22 (E); + במלחמהDeuteronomy 20:5-6, 7; 2 Samuel 19:11; בַּחֶרֶבJeremiah 11:22; ברעב11:22; הדעב מפני38:9; בְּדֶבֶר21:6; באבןNumbers 35:17, 23 (P); בַּמַּגֵּפָה14:37; Numbers 17:14; 25:9 (P). (2) figurative of wisdom, עִמָּכֶם חָכְמָה תָּמוּתJob 12:22; of courage, בְּקִרְבּוֺ לִבּוֺ וַיָּמָתand his heart died within him 1 Samuel 25:37. — 2 Samuel 2:31 strike out מֵ֑תוּ‎ We Dr Kit Bu, compare ᵐ5‎.

b. of animals Leviticus 11:39; cattle Genesis 33:13 (J), fish Exodus 7:18 (E), frogs 8:9 (J), lion Ecclesiastes 9:4, worm Isaiah 66:24; מֵת כֶּלֶב‎, dead dog (in proverb) 1 Samuel 24:15; 2 Samuel 9:8; 16:9.

c. a tree Job 14:8.

d. מֵתִים זִבְחֵיPsalm 106:28 sacrifices to the dead (idols).

2 die as a penalty = be put to death:

a. by human authority Genesis 42:20; Exodus 10:28; 21:14 (E), Genesis 44:9; Joshua 2:14 (J), Leviticus 20:20 (H), Numbers 35:12, 30 (twice in verse) (P), especially D, Deuteronomy 17:2, 6; 18:20; 19:12; 22:22, 25; 24:7; Judges 6:30; 1 Samuel 14:43, 45 (twice in verse); 19:24; Jeremiah 38:24; יָּמּוּת מוֺת‎, die = be put to a violent death ( > AV RV surely die), 1 Samuel 14:39, 44; 22:16; 1 Kings 2:37, 42 (all Judaic), Jeremiah 26:8, all of capital punishment; 2 Kings 8:10 (Ehpraimitic source) cf assassination; יוּמַת מוֺתbe put to a violent death, in the codes of Exodus 21:12, 15, 16, 17; 22:18 (E), Leviticus 20:2, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 27; 24:16-17, (H), Exodus 31:14-15, Numbers 15:35; 35:16-17, 18, 21, 31; Leviticus 27:29 (P; never in D; D uses verb, either Qal or Hiph`il, without infinitive absolute); it is used in narratives Genesis 26:11 (J), Exodus 19:12 (E), Judges 21:5. ׳מ‎ is preceded by רגםNumbers 15:36 (P), Deuteronomy 21:21; 1 Kings 12:18 2 Chronicles 10:18; 1 Kings 21:13; סקלDeuteronomy 13:11; 17:5; 22:21, 24; 1 Kings 21:10, 13, 14, 15; פגע2:25, 46; רמס2 Kings 7:17, 20; גֹּאֵל בְּיַדJoshua 20:9 (P).

b. inflicted by God, Genesis 20:3; Genesis 20:19; Joshua 10:11 (E), Genesis 3:3; 38:11; Exodus 11:5; 12:36 (J), 28:35; 30:20 (twice in verse); Leviticus 8:35; 10:2, 6, 7, 9; 16:1-2, 13; Numbers 3:4; 4:19-20, 14:35; Numbers 17:14; Numbers 17:28; Numbers 17:35; 18:3; 18:32; 26:11; 26:61 (P), Deuteronomy 5:22 (twice in verse); 18:16; Judges 6:23; 1 Samuel 5:12; 12:19; 25:17, 38, 39; 2 Samuel 6:7; 12:13; 1 Kings 19:4; 2 Kings 14:6 2 Chronicles 25:4; 1 Chronicles 24:2; 2 Chronicles 13:20; 2 Kings 19:35 = Isaiah 37:36; Ezekiel 3:20; 18:4, 20, 21, 28; 33:15; יָמוּת מוֺתGenesis 2:17; 3:4 (J), 20:7 (E), Judges 13:21-22, 2 Samuel 12:14; 14:14; 2 Kings 1:4, 6, 16 (all Judaic), Numbers 26:65 (P), Ezekiel 3:18; 33:8, 14; יוּמַת מוֺת18:13, יהוה בידExodus 16:3 (P); בחטאLeviticus 22:9 (H), Numbers 27:3 (P), 2 Kings 14:6 2 Chronicles 25:4; למות חטא לשׂאתNumbers 18:22 (P); בחטאתEzekiel 3:20; 18:24; בטמאהLeviticus 15:21 (P); ביוןJeremiah 31:30; Ezekiel 3:18-19, 18:17-18, 33:8-9, זמתו עון ישׂאו לאExodus 28:43; Numbers 4:15 (P); בעולEzekiel 18:26; 33:13, 18; עול על18:26; במעל1 Chronicles 10:13.

c. die, perish, of a nation by divine judgment, Moab Amos 2:2, Ephraim Hosea 13:1; ישׂראל ביתEzekiel 18:31; 33:1.

d. die prematurely, by neglect of wise moral conduct Proverbs 5:23; 10:21; 15:10; 19:16; 23:13; EC 7:17. —

Note. On (לַבֵּן‎) עַלמֿוּתPsalm 9:1; Psalm 48:15 see עַלְמָה‎ below II. עלם‎.

Po`lel. Perfect3masculine singular suffix מוֺתְתַנִיJeremiah 20:17; 1singular מֹתַתִּי2 Samuel 1:16; Imperfect3masculine singular suffix יְמֹתְתֵהוּ1 Samuel 17:51; 3feminine singular תְּמוֺתֵתPsalm 34:22; 1singular suffix אֲמֹתְתֵהוּ2 Samuel 1:10; Imperative suffix מוֺתְתֵנִיJudges 9:54; מֹתְתֵנִי2 Samuel 1:9; infinitive מוֺתֵתPsalm 109:16; Participle מְמוֺתֵת1 Samuel 14:13; — kill, put to death, despetch (intensive), absolute 14:13, elsewhere with accusative Judges 9:54; 1 Samuel 17:51; 2 Samuel 1:9-10, 16; Jeremiah 20:17; Psalm 34:22; 109:16.

Hiph`il Perfect3masculine singular הֵמִיתJudges 16:30 +; suffix וֶהֱמִתָ֑נִי2 Samuel 14:32; הֱמִיתָםJeremiah 41:8; 3feminine singular sf . הֱמִיתָ֑תְהוּ2 Chronicles 22:11; 2 masculine singular הֵמַתָּהNumbers 14:15; 1singular suffix הֲמִיתִּיו‎ (read הֲמִתִּיו‎) 1 Samuel 17:35; 3masculine plural הֵמִיתוּ30:2 +, etc.; Imperfect יָמִיתNumbers 35:19 +; וַיָּ֫מֶתGenesis 38:10 +; suffix יְמִיתֵהוּ1 Kings 13:24 +; יְמִתֶנּוּNumbers 35:19 +; Imperative suffix הֲמִיתֵנִי1 Samuel 20:8; plural הָמִיתוּ22:17; Infinitive absolute הָמֵת2 Kings 11:15 +; construct הָמִיתLeviticus 20:4 +; Participle מֵמִית1 Samuel 2:6; pl, מְמִיתִים2 Kings 17:26; Job 33:22; מְמִתִיםJeremiah 26:15; — kill, put to death

1 absolute Job 9:23, elsewhere with accusative, subject man,

a. of killing men in personal combat, or in war, often preceded by הכּה‎ smite Joshua 10:26; 11:17; Joshua 17:50 +; of destroying a city 2 Samuel 20:19 ("" השׁחית20:20).

b. by authority, especially in capital punishment Exodus 1:16 (E), Leviticus 20:4 (H), Numbers 35:19 (twice in verse); 35:21 (P), Deuteronomy 9:10; 17:7; Judges 20:13; 1 Samuel 11:12; 28:9; 2 Samuel 14:7, 32; 21:4; 1 Kings 2:26, 34; 11:40; 19:17 (twice in verse); 2 Kings 14:6 2 Chronicles 25:4; Isaiah 11:4; Jeremiah 26:15, 21, 24; 38:15-16, 25; Esther 4:11; בַּחֶרֶב1 Kings 1:51; 2:8; 2 Kings 11:20 2 Chronicles 23:21; יָמִית הָמֵתJudges 15:13; 1 Kings 3:26-27, Jeremiah 26:19; 38:15.

2 subject God, by inflicting penalty, absolute Deuteronomy 32:39; 1 Samuel 2:6; 2 Kings 5:7, elsewhere with accusative Genesis 18:25; 38:7, 10; Exodus 4:24; Numbers 14:15 (J), Deuteronomy 9:28; Judges 13:23; 1 Samuel 2:25; 5:10-11, 1 Chronicles 2:3; 10:14; Isaiah 65:15; Hosea 9:16; ברעבIsaiah 14:30; בצמאHosea 2:5; of killing fish Psalm 105:29; מְמִיתִיםJob 33:22 executioners, angels of death.

3 of animals killing men, e.g. ox Exodus 21:29 (E), lion 1 Kings 13:24, 26; 2 Kings 17:26.

4 bring to a premature death Proverbs 19:18; 21:25.

Hoph`al Perfect הוּמָ֑ת2 Kings 11:2 +; 3 masculine plural הֻמְתוּ2 Samuel 21:9; Imperfect יוּמַתLeviticus 20:10 +; יוּמָ֑תGenesis 26:11 +; Participle מוּמָת1 Samuel 19:11, plural מוּמָתִים2 Kings 11:2 (Qr), 2 Chronicles 22:11; — be killed, put to death:

1 by conspiracy 2 Kings 11:2 (twice in verse) = 2 Chronicles 22:11; 2 Kings 11:8, 15, 16; 2 Chronicles 23:7, 14.

2 by capital punishment Exodus 21:29 (E), 35:2; Numbers 1:15; 3:10, 38; 18:7 (P), Leviticus 19:20; 24:16, 21 (H), Deuteronomy 13:6; 17:6 (twice in verse); 21:22; 24:16 (3 t. in verse) = 2 Kings 14:6 (twice in verse), Joshua 1:18 (all D) Judges 6:31; 1 Samuel 11:13; 19:6, 11; 20:32; 2 Samuel 19:22; 19:23; 21:9; 1 Kings 2:24; 2 Chronicles 15:13; Jeremiah 38:4, and the phrase יוּמת מוֺת‎ (see Qal 2a).

3 by divine infliction, in the phrase יוּמת מות‎ (see Qal 2b).

4 die prematurely Proverbs 19:16.

מוֺתnoun [masculine] death (ᵑ7‎ Syriac; see Biblical Hebrew); — absolute Ezra 7:26.

מָזוֺן‎ see זון‎.








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