5975. amad
Lexical Summary
amad: to take one's stand, stand
Original Word: עָמַד
Transliteration: amad
Phonetic Spelling: (aw-mad')
Part of Speech: Verb
Short Definition: to take one's stand, stand
Meaning: to stand, in various relations
Strong's Concordance
abide behind, appoint, arise, cease, confirm, continue, dwell, be employed,

A primitive root; to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive) -- abide (behind), appoint, arise, cease, confirm, continue, dwell, be employed, endure, establish, leave, make, ordain, be (over), place, (be) present (self), raise up, remain, repair, + serve, set (forth, over, -tle, up), (make to, make to be at a, with-)stand (by, fast, firm, still, up), (be at a) stay (up), tarry.

Brown-Driver-Briggs

H5975. amad

עָמַד520 take one's stand, stand (Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician עמד‎; Assyrian emêdu, stand, set up; Arabic prop up, support, and derivatives; Ethiopic pillar; עַמּוּדָא ᵑ7pillar, Syriac , Palmyrene עמודא‎, compare also proper name תימעמד‎; Sabean עמדpillar, according to CISiv. 91 (or other derivatives from √ עמד‎ DHMZMG xxxvii (1883), 5), plural אעמדןpillars DHMEpigr. Denkm. sus Abess. 80); —

Qal435 Perfect ׳עGenesis 19:27 +, 3 feminine singular עָֽמְדָה2 Kings 13:6 +, etc.; Imperfect יַעֲמֹדExodus 21:21, יַעֲמוֺדNahum 1:6 +, יַעֲמָדֿ1 Samuel 16:22 +; 1 singular אֶעֱמֹ֑דָהHabakkuk 2:1, וָאֶעֱמֹד2 Samuel 1:10; 3masculine plural יַעַמְדוּJeremiah 32:14 +, יַעֲמֹ֑דוּEzekiel 1:21 +, 2 masculine plural וַתַּעַמְדוּןDeuteronomy 4:11, etc.; Imperative עֲמֹד1 Samuel 9:27 +, עֲמָדֿ2 Samuel 1:9; feminine singular עִמְדִיIsaiah 47:12; Jeremiah 48:19, etc.; Infinitive absolute עָמֹדEsther 9:16; construct עֲמֹדExodus 18:23 +, suffix עָמְדִיJeremiah 18:20, עֲמָדְךָ‎ Obadiah 11, etc.; Participle עֹמֵדIsaiah 3:13 +, feminine עֹמֶ֫דֶתHaggai 2:5 +, etc.; —

1. a. take one's stand, and (especially participle) stand, be in a standing attitude: with עַלby, 1 Samuel 26:13; 2 Samuel 2:25; 2 Kings 2:7 +, so participle Genesis 18:8 (J), 41:1, 17 (E) +, עַלon, Exodus 3:5 (E), Deuteronomy 27:12 +; with ב‎ location Exodus 32:26; Numbers 22:24, 26 (all J E), +; with אֶל‎ location 1 Kings 20:38 (+ לְ‎ person), Jeremiah 48:19; Ezekiel 21:26; 27:29; with אֶל‎ person 1 Samuel 17:51; 2 Kings 5:25; with אֵצֶלGenesis 41:3 (E), Ezekiel 9:2; 10:6; Nehemiah 8:4; with לִפְנֵיGenesis 18:22; 1 Kings 3:16; 8:22 +; before ׳י‎, for intercession Genesis 19:27 (J), Deuteronomy 4:10; Jeremiah 15:1; 18:20, etc.; take one's stand and do a thing 1 Samuel 17:8; 1 Kings 8:55; 2 Kings 18:28 = Isaiah 36:13 +; followed by infinitive 1 Kings 8:11 2 Chronicles 5:14 +.

b. stand forth (to speak, etc.) 2 Kings 10:9 +.

c. take a stand against (עַל‎), in opposition to, Judges 6:31; Ezra 10:15 (but stand over, = have charge of, according to KueGes. Abh. 247 f.) 2 Chronicles 26:18; compare עַלדַּֿםLeviticus 19:16 (H) against the blood of, i.e. seek one's blood, life; with יָ֑חַדIsaiah 50:8 together, i.e. against each other.

d. present oneself before (לִפְנֵי‎) Genesis 43:15 (J), Exodus 9:10 (E), Numbers 27:2, 21 (P), 1 Samuel 16:21 +; before ׳י‎ (in sanctuary) Deuteronomy 19:17; Jeremiah 7:10; compare 18:20; Leviticus 9:5 (P); so in heaven 1 Kings 22:21 2 Chronicles 18:20; with ב‎ location of child at birth Hosea 13:13, in palace (as retainer, courtier) Daniel 1:4

e. with לִפְנֵיattend upon, be(come) servant of 1 Samuel 16:22 (see Dr), 1 Kings 1:2 +; servant of ׳י17:1; 18:15; 2 Kings 3:14; 5:16; Jeremiah 15:19; priests י (לְשָֽׁרְתוֺׅ׳לִפְנֵיDeuteronomy 10:8; Judges 20:28; Ezekiel 44:15; 2 Chronicles 29:11; of Levites, stand before congregation for menial duties Ezekiel 44:11; Numbers 16:9 (P).

f. stand afar מֵרָחוֺקExodus 20:18, 21 (E), Isaiah 59:14; Psalm 38:12, ׳בְּר10:1; מֵר ׳מִנֶּגֶד2 Kings 2:7; stand aloof, מִנֶֹּגֶד‎ Obadiah 11; Psalm 38:12.

g. stand (silent) Job 32:16.

h. stand (appealingly) Job 30:20 (but read עָמַדְתָּ‎, of God, Me Hi Du).

i. stand, subject רֶגֶלZechariah 14:4 (עַל‎ location), Psalm 122:2 (ב‎ location) so 26:12 (figurative).

j. stand, of water, עַלהָֿרִיםPsalm 104:6. See also prepositions עִם מִמַּעַל, עַל, אֵצֶל, אֶל,‎, etc.

2. a. stand still, stop, cease moving, of moon Joshua 10:13 (J E; "" וַיִּדֹּם‎), sun 10:13, both, Habakkuk 3:11; of person 1 Samuel 9:27 (opposed to עָבַר‎), 2 Samuel 2:28 (opposed to רָדַף‎), עֲמֹ֫דוּ עִמְדוּNahum 2:9 +; stop flowing (of oil) 2 Kings 4:6; remain standing, with תַּחְתֵּינוּJudges 7:21; 1 Samuel 14:9 etc.; of eruption in skin = remain unchanged Leviticus 13:23, 28; so (without ׳ת‎) 13:5, 37 (all P).

b. = be inactive 2 Chronicles 20:17 (opposed to לְהִלָּחֵם‎, + הִתְיַצְּבוּ‎).

c. = be attentive Job 37:14.

d. stop, cease doing a thing 2 Kings 13:18; with מִןGenesis 29:35; 30:9 (both J), Joel 1:15.

3. a. tarry, delay Genesis 45:9 (E), Joshua 10:19 (J E; opposed to רָדַף‎), 1 Samuel 20:38 (opposed to חוּשָׁה מְהֵרָה,‎), +.

b. remain, with ב‎ location 2 Kings 15:20; Deuteronomy 10:10; with עִמָּדִי5:28 (opposed to שׁוּב‎); + infinitive purpose Esther 7:7.

c. continue, abide Jeremiah 32:14; Isaiah 66:22; Psalm 102:27 (opposed to אָבַד‎); = dwell Exodus 8:18 (J; עַל‎ location); לָעַדPsalm 19:10; 111:3; 111:10; 112:3; 112:9; לְעוֺלָם33:11; Ecclesiastes 1:4; בְּתוֺךְHaggai 2:5; of plan = be established Psalm 33:11 (earlier קוּם‎, as Isaiah 14:24), so Esther 3:4; Daniel 11:17 b; = maintain itself (earlier קוּםJoshua 2:11) Ecclesiastes 2:9; כֹחַ יַעֲמָדבִּֿי לֹאDaniel 10:17.

d. endure Exodus 18:23 (E), Ezekiel 22:14 ("" חָזַק‎).

e. be steadfast Deuteronomy 25:8; Ruth 2:7.

f. persist Ecclesiastes 8:3.

4 make a stand, hold one's ground, Amos 2:15; 2 Kings 10:4; Malachi 3:2 +; with לִפְנֵיJudges 2:14; 2 Kings 10:4 +, בִּפְנֵיJoshua 10:8; 21:44 (Ginsb; van d. H. Baer 21:42), 23:9 (all D); with עַל‎, for one's life Esther 8:11; 9:16.

5 stand upright:

a. remain standing 2 Kings 13:6; of head 6:31 remain upright upon him (עָלָיו‎); of house (figurative of endurance) Job 8:15; Proverbs 12:7.

b. stand up, opposed to sit, Nehemiah 8:5; Job 29:8 (+ קוּם‎); opposed to lie prostrate Ezekiel 2:1 (עַלרַֿגְלֶיךָ‎), so 37:10 (id.), Daniel 10:1, 10:11 (עַלעָֿמְדָ֑ךָ‎), Esther 8:4; of revival after death Daniel 12:13 (late for קוּם‎).

c. stand up, rise, of water Joshua 3:13 (+ appositive אֶחָד נֵד‎), 3:16 (+ קָמוּ‎ + id.; both J E).

d. be erect, upright, of boards Exodus 26:15; 36:20 (P).

6. a. arise, appear, come on the scene (= קוּם‎; late) Ezra 2:63 = Nehemiah 7:65; Psalm 106:30 (compare Ecclus 47:1; Ecclus 47:12), especially Daniel 8:22 (twice in verse); 8:23; 11:2-3, 4; 12:1, compare 11:7 (כַּנּוֺ‎), 11:20; 11:21 (עַלכַּֿנּוֺ‎); with תַּחַתinstead of Ecclesiastes 4:15; of war 1 Chronicles 20:4, deliverance Esther 4:14.

b. stand forth, appear = come into being Isaiah 48:13; Psalm 33:9; 119:90.

c. rise up as foe (earlier קוםAmos 7:9; Genesis 4:8), with עַלagainst 1 Chronicles 21:1; 2 Chronicles 20:23; Daniel 8:25; 11:14,

c. לְנֶגְדִּיagainst Daniel 10:13.

7 rare usages are:

a. ׳ע אֶתֿstand with, as attendant, servitor Genesis 45:1 (E), Numbers 1:5 (P).

b. take one's stand in covenant, בַּבְּרִית2 Kings 23:3.

c. stand עַלחֶֿרֶבEzekiel 33:26 (resort to the sword).

d. stand י ׳בְּסוֺדJeremiah 23:18, 22 (see סוֺד‎).

e. be appointed Ezra 10:14.

f. stand before (לִפְנֵי‎) beast Leviticus 18:23 (carnal intercourse)

g. grow flat, insipid (Gie), taste of wine Jeremiah 48:11 (figurative of Moab), or remain unchanged (so most, in that case compare 3b). — עָמְדִיDaniel 11:1b is corrupt, read probably עָמַדְתִּי‎, or עָמַד‎ (מִיכָאֵל‎ subject), join then to 10:21 and strike out 11:1a; so Bev Behrm MartiKau.

Hiph`il83 (compare DrIntr. (6) 535) Perfect3masculine singular הֶעֱמִיד1 Kings 12:32 +, 2 masculine singular הֶעֱמַדְתָּהPsalm 30:8, וְהַעֲמַדְתָּ֫Numbers 3:6 +, etc., Imperfect יַעֲמִידProverbs 29:4 +, וַיַּעֲמֵד2 Kings 8:1 +; 3 feminine singular suffix וַתַּעֲמִדֵנִיEzekiel 2:2; 3:24, 1plural וַנַּעֲמִידNehemiah 4:3, etc.; Imperative הַעֲמֵדIsaiah 21:6; suffix הַעֲמִידֶהָEzekiel 24:11; Infinitive absolute הַעֲמֵידNehemiah 7:3; construct הַעֲמִיד1 Kings 15:4 +; Participle מַעֲמִיד2 Chronicles 18:34 (but see Hoph`al): —

1 station, set, with accusative Judges 16:25 (בֵּין‎); for duty Numbers 11:24 (E; סְבִיבֹת‎) 1 Kings 12:32 (ב‎ location), 2 Chronicles 19:5 (id.), Nehemiah 13:11(עָמְדָם עַלֿ‎), Isaiah 21:6 + (Nehemiah 4:7 a read perhaps

Qal, so PerlesAnal. 65), with עַלagainst Nehemiah 4:3.

2 cause to stand firm Psalm 18:34 = 2 Samuel 22:34 (with עַל‎ location); maintain (opposed to overthrow) Exodus 9:16 (J), 1 Kings 15:4, compare Proverbs 29:4.

3 cause to stand up, set up, erect, with accusative + עַלרַֿגְלַיEzekiel 2:2; 3:24, so עַלעָֿמְדִיDaniel 8:18; temple Ezra 2:68 (עַל‎ location), compare 2 Chronicles 24:13; (על‎ location, of repairs); especially doors Nehemiah 3:1 7t. Nehemiah; Asherim 2 Chronicles 33:19, compare 25:14.

4 + לִפְנֵיpresent one before king Genesis 47:7 (P), ׳י‎ (in sanctuary) Leviticus 14:11 3t. P, + (of goat) 16:7, priest 27:8 4t. P, + (of beast) 27:11.

5 appoint Nehemiah 7:3; 1 Chronicles 15:17 + (late); with עַלover Nehemiah 13:9 +, with infinitive purpose 6:7 +, with 2 accusative 1 Chronicles 15:16; = assign (land) to (ל‎) 2 Chronicles 33:8 ("" 2 Kings 21:8 נָתַן‎); appoint courses of priests 8:14; 2Ki 31:2, compare Nehemiah 13:30; ordain commandments, עַל‎ person 10:33, compare 2 Chronicles 30:5; establish עַדהָֿעוֺלָם1 Chronicles 17:14 (ב‎ location), compare 2 Chronicles 9:8; Psalm 148:6; with accusative of covenant 105:10 = 1 Chronicles 16:17 (ל‎ person + ל‎ of thing); with חָזוֺןvision Daniel 11:14 (= fulfil, earlier הֵקִים‎).

6 other meanings:

a. ׳ע אֶתמָּֿנָיו2 Kings 8:11 have a fixed look.

b. with accusative רַגְלַי‎ + ב‎ location Psalm 31:9 (figurative).

c. make to stand (in a covt.; see "" 2 Kings 23:3) 2 Chronicles 34:32.

d. restore waste places Ezra 9:9.

e. + לְפָנֶיהָEsther 4:5, i.e. make servant to.

f. cause wind to arise Psalm 107:25.

g. = raise an army Daniel 11:11, 13. — 2 Chronicles 18:34 see

Hoph`al; Psalm 30:8 see עֹז‎; Ezekiel 29:7 see מָעַד‎.

Hoph`al Imperfect3masculine singular יָעֳמַדֿLeviticus 16:10 be presented (of goat), + י ׳לִפְנֵי‎; Participle מָעֳמָד הָיָה1 Kings 22:35 he was caused to stand, i.e. propped up, in (ב‎) his chariot, so read also "" 2 Chronicles 18:34 (as ᵐ5‎), for מַעֲמִיד ᵑ0‎. — On Perfect הָעֳמַדְתִּי‎ see עֹזPsalm 30:8.








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