H6. abad

אָבַד‎ verb perish (MI אבד‎, Assyrian abâtu Dl^{W 184} Aramaic אֲבַד‎, ). —

Qal Perfect ׳א‎ Numbers 21:30 +; אָֽבְדוּ‎ Psalm 10:16 + (+ Ezekiel 6:3 ᵐ5‎ Co) etc.; Imperfect יאֹבַד‎ Job 3:3; Jeremiah 4:9; יאֹבֵ֑דּ‎ Job 20:7 2t.; 3 feminine singular תּאֹבַד‎ Deuteronomy 22:3-4t.; תּאֹבֵ֑ד‎ Job 8:13 3t.; יאֹבְדוּ‎ Judges 5:31 3t.; יאֹבֵ֑דוּ‎ Job 4:9 +; 3 feminine plural וַתּאֹבַדְנָה‎ 1 Samuel 9:3; תּאֹבֵדוּן‎ Deuteronomy 4:26 +; נאֹבֵ֑ד‎ Jonah 1:6; 3:9; נאֹבְדָה‎ 1:14, etc.; Infinitive absolute אָבדֹ‎ Deuteronomy 4:26 2t.; construct אֲבדֹ‎ 7:20; Proverbs 11:10; אֲבָדְךָ‎ Deuteronomy 28:20; אָבְדֶ֑ךָ‎ 28:22; אֲבָדְכֶם‎ Joshua 23:13; אָבְדָם‎ Obadiah 12; Proverbs 28:28; Participle אוֺבֵד‎ Deuteronomy 26:5 + 7:t.; construct אֹבַד‎ 32:28 (before ע‎ ? see Di. Bö^{§ 378}); etc.

1 perish, die, of individuals (mostly late) Numbers 17:27 ("" נוע‎ & (v.Numbers 17:28) מות‎, (also Deuteronomy 26:5 ? compare below) Jonah 1:6, 14; Job 31:19; compare 29:13; Proverbs 31:6; Esther 4:14, 16 (twice in verse); Micah 4:9; Jeremiah 40:15 compare Isaiah 57:1; Proverbs 11:10; 28:28; Ecclesiastes 7:15; Psalm 119:92; emphasis on mortality Job 4:20; Psalm 146:4; Ecclesiastes 9:6; Saul & Jonathan, under figure of weapons 2 Samuel 1:27; lion Job 4:11; caravan 6:18 (compare Di); compare ׳א חָסִיד מִןהָֿאָרֶץ‎ Micah 7:2, ׳וא מֵעַזָּה מֶלֶח‎ Zechariah 9:5; perish, be exterminated (judgment for sin), of Israel Leviticus 26:38; Deuteronomy 8:19 (twice in verse); 8:20; 28:20; Deuteronomy 20:22; 30:18 (twice in verse); Jeremiah 27:10, 15; compare 6:21; Obadiah 12; compare Psalm 80:17; Isaiah 27:13; other nations Deuteronomy 7:20; Jeremiah 10:15; 51:18; Psalm 2:12; 10:16; 83:18; compare 9:4; Amos 1:8; Isaiah 41:11; 60:12 compare Jonah 3:9 see also Exodus 10:7; Numbers 21:29-30, (JE) Jeremiah 48:46; house of Ahab 2 Kings 9:8; wicked in General Judges 5:31; Job 4:9 compare 4:7, Psalm 37:20; 49:11; 68:3 ("" simile of melting wax), 73:27; 92:10; also Proverbs 19:9; 21:18; א ׳לָנֶצַח‎ Job 20:7; compare א רְשָׁעִים ׳דֶּרֶח‎ Psalm 1:6; followed by הָאָ֑רֶץ מֵעַל‎ (of annihilation of Israel) Deuteronomy 4:26 (twice in verse); 11:17; Joshua 23:13, 16 (D); followed by הַקָּהָל מִתּוֺח‎ (of Korah's company) Numbers 16:33 (JE); perish, be ruined, destroyed, of inanimate things, e.g. land Jeremiah 9:11 ("" כַמִּדְבָּר נִצְּתָה‎ compare 48:8; harvest Joel 1:11; Jonah's gourd Jonah 4:10; riches Jeremiah 48:36; Ecclesiastes 5:13; vessel Psalm 31:13; houses Amos 3:15 (so often Assyrian Dl^w); city Ezekiel 26:17 (but strike out ᵐ5‎ Co); compare bamôth 6:3 ᵐ5‎ Co; heavens & earth Psalm 102:27.

2 figurative perish, vanish, subject memory Job 18:17; Psalm 9:7; name 41:6 (i.e. be forgotten); vigour Job 30:2; wisdom Isaiah 29:14; compare עֵצוֺת אֹבַד‎ Deuteronomy 32:28; אֱמוּנָה‎ Jeremiah 7:28 ("" נִכְרְתָה‎); חָזוֺן‎ Ezekiel 12:22; יוֺם‎ Job 3:3 (i.e. be blotted out); לֵב‎ Jeremiah 4:9 (i.e. courage fail); תִּקְוָה‎ Psalm 9:19; Proverbs 10:28; 11:7; Ezekiel 19:5; 37:11; Job 8:13; so תַּאֲוָה‎ Psalm 112:10 (i.e. comes to naught); תּוֺחֶלֶת‎ Proverbs 11:7, followed by מִן‎ + agent Lamentations 3:18; עֵצָה‎ + תּוֺרָה‎ followed by מן‎ + persons negligent Jeremiah 18:18; Ezekiel 7:26, compare Jeremiah 49:7; especially ׳א מִןֿ מָנוֺס‎ (i.e. they could not escape) Amos 2:14; Jeremiah 25:35; Job 11:20; Psalm 142:5.

3 be lost, strayed, asses 1 Samuel 9:3, 20; sheep Jeremiah 50:6; Ezekiel 34:4, 16; Psalm 119:176 (figurative of erring men); perhaps Deuteronomy 26:5.

Pi`el causative of Qal. — Perfect אִבַּד‎ 2 Kings 21:3 2t.; suffix וְאִבֶּדְךָ‎ Co Ezekiel 28:16 compare below; אִבַּדְתִּי‎ Jeremiah 15:7; וְאִבַּדְתִּ֫י‎ Ezekiel 6:3 (ᵐ5‎ Co וְאָֽבְּדוּ‎) etc.; Imperfect יְאַבֵּד‎ Ecclesiastes 9:18; וִיאַבֵּד‎ 7:7; Zephaniah 2:13; 1singular suffix וָאַבֶּדְךָ‎ Ezekiel 28:16 (for ׳וָאֲאַבּ‎ Ew^{§ 72 c} Ol^{§ 79 a} Kö I:338 Ges^{§ 68} fin; but Co 3 masculine singular; see also Co 38:14); תְּאַבְּדוּן‎ Deuteronomy 12:2 etc.; Infinitive absolute אַבֵּד‎ 12:2-3t.; construct id. Ezekiel 22:27 + etc.; Participle מְאַבְּדִים‎ Jeremiah 23:1.

1 cause to perish, destroy, kill, object person (mostly late) 2 Kings 11:1; Esther 3:9; 4:7; 8:5; 9:24; "" הרג‎ 9:6, 12; "" הרג‎ + השׁמיד‎ 3:13; 7:4; 8:11; "" המם‎ 9:24; compare Psalm 119:95; object נְפָשׁוֺת‎ Ezekiel 22:17 (strike out ᵐ5‎ Co); in judgment, subject ׳י‎ Psalm 5:7; compare Proverbs 1:32; followed by מִתּוֺח‎ Ezekiel 28:16; object a people 2 Kings 13:7; 19:18 = Isaiah 37:19; Job 12:13; in judgment Deuteronomy 11:4; Jeremiah 12:17; 15:7; Zephaniah 2:13; Psalm 9:6; compare 21:11; object inanimate things especially idols, bamôth etc., Numbers 33:52 (twice in verse); (J) Deuteronomy 12:2 (twice in verse); 2 Kings 21:3; Ezekiel 6:3 (but compare ᵐ5‎ Co above); bars of Zion Lamentations 2:9 ("" שִׁבַּר‎).

2 figurative cause to vanish, blot out, do away with names of idols Deuteronomy 12:3; voice of Babylon Jeremiah 51:55; memory of dead Isaiah 26:14; substance Proverbs 29:3; understanding Ecclesiastes 7:7; good ( טוֺבָה‎ q. v.) 9:18.

3 cause to stray, lose; object Israel under figure of flock Jeremiah 23:1 ("" הֵפִיץ‎); absolute Ecclesiastes 3:6 ("" בִּקֵּשׁ‎).

Hiph`il Perfect וְהֶאֱבִּיד‎ Numbers 24:19; הֶאֱבַ֑דְתָּ‎ Job 14:19 etc.; Imperfect אֹבִידָה‎ Jeremiah 46:8 (Ges^{§ 68}, 2 R. 1). Infinitive construct הַאֲבִיד‎ 2 Kings 10:19 + etc.; Participle מַאֲבִיד‎ Deuteronomy 8:20.

1 destroy, put to death, in judgment, (subject ׳י‎) object person Leviticus 23:30 (followed by עַמָּהּ מִקֶּרֶב‎; "" כָּרַת‎ 23:29); Jeremiah 49:38 (followed by מִשָּׁם‎); Obadiah 8 (followed by מֵאֱדוֺם‎); object nation, Ammon Ezekiel 25:7 (followed by מןהֿארצות‎; "" כָּרַת‎), compare 25:16; Canaanites Deuteronomy 8:20 (followed by מִמְּנֵיכֶם‎); Canaan = Philistines Zephaniah 2:5 ("" כָּרַת‎); especially Israel Deuteronomy 28:51, 63 ("" הִשְׁמִיד‎), compare Joshua 7:7; also absolute Jeremiah 18:7 ("" וְלִנְתוֺץ לִנְתוֺשׁ‎); = 1:10 (+ וְלַהֲרוֺס‎) = 31:28 (+ וּלְהָרֵעַ‎); animals Ezekiel 32:13 (followed by רַבִּים מַיִם מֵעַל‎); compare Deuteronomy 7:10; Psalm 143:12 ("" הִצְמִית‎); (human subject), object servants of Baal 2 Kings 10:19, object nation Deuteronomy 9:3, compare Numbers 24:19 (E; followed by מֵעִיר‎); 2 Kings 24:2; compare Jeremiah 46:8; object inanimate, chariots Micah 5:9; idols Ezekiel 30:13 (strike out B Co).

2 figurative, object name of kings Deuteronomy 7:24 (followed by הַשָּׁמַיִם מִתַּחַת‎); hope Job 14:19; voice of mirth etc. Jeremiah 25:10 (compare 51:55

Pi`el above)

[אֲבַד‎] verb perish (Biblical Hebrew); —

Pe`al mpl.3masculine plural יֵאבַ֫דוּ‎ (not וּן‎+?^{§ 26, 1}) Jeremiah 10:11 they shall persish, pass away.

Haph`el (Old Aramaic האבד‎ Lzb²⁰⁵ Cooke¹⁸⁹) destoy: Imperfect2masculine singular אַלתְּֿהוֺבֵד‎ (K^{§ 41 c}) Daniel 2:24(c.ל‎ person); 3 masculine plural יְהוֺבְדוּן‎ 2:18(indefinite subject; accusative of person); Infinitive לְהוֺבָדָא‎ 2:12; 2:24 (both with ל‎ person), דָה‎- 7:26 (absolute).

Hoph`al (K^{§ 41 c} W^{CG 225}) be destroyed: Perfect3masculine singular הוּבַד‎ Daniel 7:11.

אבה‎ (assumed as √ of following).