5437. sabab
Lexical Summary
sabab: to turn about, go around, surround
Original Word: סָבַב
Transliteration: sabab
Phonetic Spelling: (saw-bab')
Part of Speech: Verb
Short Definition: to turn about, go around, surround
Meaning: to turn about, go around, surround
Strong's Concordance
bring, cast, fetch, lead, make, walk, whirl, round about,

A primitive root; to revolve, surround, or border; used in various applications, literally and figuratively (as follows) -- bring, cast, fetch, lead, make, walk, X whirl, X round about, be about on every side, apply, avoid, beset (about), besiege, bring again, carry (about), change, cause to come about, X circuit, (fetch a) compass (about, round), drive, environ, X on every side, beset (close, come, compass, go, stand) round about, inclose, remove, return, set, sit down, turn (self) (about, aside, away, back).

Brown-Driver-Briggs

H5437. sabab

סָבַבverb turn about, go around, surround ( Late Hebrew id., Pi`el Hiph`il, and derivatives; Aramaic סוֺבְבָאrim, border; Arabic rope, lock of hair; possibly also II. prepare a means of attaining something Lane1284); —

Qal Perfect3masculine singular ׳סEzekiel 42:19 +; 1 singular סַבֹּ֫תִי1 Samuel 22:22 (but see below), סַבּ֫וֺתִיEcclesiastes 2:20; 7:25; 3plural סָָֽבְבוּJoshua 6:15 + 1 Samuel 14:21; 2 Samuel 24:6 (see below), suffix סְבָבוּנִיPsalm 18:6 +, סַבּוּנִי88:18 2t., סַבֻּנִי2 Samuel 22:6; 2masculine plural וְסַבֹּתֶם‎ consecutive Joshua 6:3, etc.; Imperfect יָסֹב1 Kings 7:15 +, suffix יְסֻבֵּנִיPsalm 49:6; oftener יִסֹּב1 Samuel 5:8 +, וַיִּסֹּבGenesis 42:24 +; 3 masculine plural יָסֹ֫בוּJob 16:13, וַיָּסֹ֫בוּJoshua 6:14 +, 3 feminine plural תְּסֻבֶּינָהGenesis 37:7, etc.; Imperative masculine singular סֹב1 Samuel 22:18, feminine singular סֹ֫בִּיIsaiah 23:16, etc.; Infinitive construct לִסְבֹּבNumbers 21:4, סֹבDeuteronomy 2:3; Participle סוֺבֵב2 Kings 6:15 +, הַסֹּבֵיב8:21 (Ginsb הִסְבִּיב‎ Kt, הַסֹּבֵב‎ Qr), etc.; —

1 turn, intransitive (Imperfect of form יִסֹּב‎ in this sense only):

a. turn about, often as preliminary to something else 1 Samuel 15:12, 27 (followed by infinitive), 1 Chronicles 16:43 (id.; וַ֫יָּשָׁב‎ in "" 2 Samuel 6:20) + 1 Samuel 14:21 (read גַם סָֽבְבוּ‎ for ᵑ9 ᵑ6 ᵐ5 וְגַם, סָבִיב ᵑ0‎ Th We, etc.), Jeremiah 41:14 a (+ שׁוב‎ vb, but ᵐ5‎ omits va compare Gie), Ecclesiastes 1:6 (twice in verse); of door, Proverbs 26:14 turn on (עַל‎) its hinge (compare Niph`al Ezekiel 26:2); turn (toward one) 1 Samuel 22:17-18, (twice in verse); 2 Samuel 18:30 (twice in verse); Song of Solomon 2:17 (see Bu); also with אֶלֿ2 Samuel 14:24 (twice in verse); + 24:6 (read סָֽבְבוּ‎ for סָבִיב‎ We Dr Bu Kit HPS; Klo יָסֹבוּ‎, compare Löhr), Ezekiel 42:19; Ecclesiastes 1:6, אֶלאַֿחֲרָ֑י2 Kings 9:18-19, of cup of ׳י‎, it shall come round unto (עַלֿ‎, with hostile implication; עַל עָבַרLamentations 4:22) Habakkuk 2:16; of Jordan, turn לְאָחוֺרPsalm 114:3; 114:5; turn about from (מֵעַל‎) Genesis 42:24, (מִן‎) 1 Samuel 18:11, + אֶלֿ17:30; so of inheritance Numbers 36:7 it shall not go about from (מִן‎) tribe to (אֶלֿ‎) tribe, also 36:9 (לְ‎ for אֶלֿ‎); compare (absolute) לְאָתִי וַתְּהִי הַמְּלוּכָה וַתִּסֹּב1 Kings 2:15 (compare Hiph`il 1 b); = be brought round, with accusative of location 1 Samuel 5:8 (of ark).

b. turn = change, only Zechariah 14:10 (of land, changed like [כְּ‎, i.e. into] a plain), compare Hiph`il 1 c. c. figurative turn (in a new direction) to do something (infinitive) Ecclesiastes 2:20; 7:25. — Psalm 71:21 is dubious; Bae reads וְתָשֻׁב‎ for וְתִסֹּב‎ after ᵑ9 ᵑ6 ᵐ5‎; Hup-Now Che and others below

a. above: turn, comfort me. — Job 10:8 read תִּסֹּב אַחַר‎ for סביב יחד ᵑ0‎ De and others

2. a. march, or walk, around, with accusative (city) Joshua 6:3-4, 7, 14, 15 (twice in verse) (all J E), Psalm 48:13; possibly also נָסֹב1 Samuel 16:11 (of marching about altar? so HPS; turn to do something else Th), but compare תסוב‎ Ecclus 32:1sit about a table (see SchechterBS p. 56, and compare מֵסַב‎), or read נֵשֵׁב‎ Weir in Dr Kit Bu Löhr (perhaps).

b. go partly round, circle about, skirt, with accusative (land) Numbers 21:4 (JE) Judges 11:18, also Deuteronomy 2:1, 3; of rivers Genesis 2:11, 13.

c. make a round, or circuit, go about to, with accusative of location 1 Samuel 7:16; go about in (בְּ‎) 2 Chronicles 17:9, compare also (with בְּ‎) 23:2; Song of Solomon 3:5; 5:7; Ecclesiastes 12:5, so with accusative Isaiah 23:16; = make a circuitous march 2 Kings 3:9 (with accusative דֶּרֶךְ‎). — See also 2 Samuel 5:23; 1 Chronicles 14:14 Hiph`il 2 a. d. surround, encompass, absolute Genesis 37:7 (E); with accusative Job 40:22; with hostile purpose, 2 Kings 6:15; Ecclesiastes 9:14 (both of siege), compare 2 Kings 3:25; accusative omitted Judges 16:2, compare 2 Samuel 18:15; with accusative of thing + עַלֿ‎ person Judges 20:5; with עַלֿ‎ person alone Job 16:13; 2 Chronicles 18:31; with אֶלֿ‎ person 2 Kings 8:21 2 Chronicles 21:9; often figurative in poetry, with accusative Hosea 7:2; 2 Samuel 22:6 = Psalm 18:6; 22:13; 22:17; 49:6; 88:18; 118:10; 118:11 (twice in verse); 118:12; so also 17:11 (Kt סְבָבוּנִי‎, Qr סְבָבוּנוּ‎; on text see especially Hup-Now); literally of cord surrounding (measuring circumference of), with accusative 1 Kings 7:15 = Jeremiah 52:21; 1 Kings 7:23 2 Chronicles 4:2; of ornaments, etc., surrounding something (accusative) 1 Kings 7:24; 2 Chronicles 4:3; surround one with something (2 accusative) 1 Kings 5:17; Psalm 109:3; accusative + בְּ‎ instrumental Hosea 12:1; ׳ס לָעֹפֶל2 Chronicles 33:14 (i.e. build a wall around it). — 1 Samuel 22:22 read חַבְתִּי‎ (√ חוּב‎), ᵑ6 ᵐ5‎ Th We Dr Kit Bu Löhr HPS.

Niph`al Perfect3masculine singular נָסַבJoshua 15:3 +; 3 feminine singular נָסֵ֫בָּהEzekiel 26:2 (Ges§ 67t St§ 410 bi. 342); וְנָָֽסְבָה41:7 (but read וְנוֺסְפָה‎ Ew Sm Co ToyHpt, compare Berthol); 3 plural נָסַ֫בּוּGenesis 19:4 +; Imperfect3masculine plural יִסַּ֫בּוּEzekiel 1:9 5t.; —

1. a. turn oneself against (עַלֿ‎), close round upon (עַל‎) Genesis 19:4 (J) Joshua 7:9 (JE); with accusative Judges 19:22.

b. turn round (from a direct course), of wheels Ezekiel 1:9, 12, 17; 10:11 (twice in verse), also 10:16 (but dubious, Co ישׁבו‎, ToyHpt leave, Symm ἀπελείποντο); אֵלַי נָסֵ֫בָּה26:2 of Jerusalem under figure of door (Sm Co Berthol ToyHpt).

c. especially of boundary (Hexateuch only P): turn round from (מִן‎), toward (לְ‎) Numbers 34:4, + ה‎ locative Joshua 18:14; with מִן‎ + ה‎ locative + אֶלֿ15:10; with מִן‎ alone Numbers 34:5; with ה‎ locative alone Jeremiah 31:39; Joshua 15:3; 16:6; circle about, skirt, with accusative 19:14.

2 passive be turned over to (לְ‎), into the power of, Jeremiah 6:12.

Pi`el Infinitiveconstruct הַדָּבָר אֶתמְּֿנֵי סַבֵּב2 Samuel 14:20 to change, transform, the aspect of the matter.

Po`. Imperfect3masculine singular suffix יְסֹבְבֵנִיJonah 2:4; 2:6, יְסֹבְבֶנְהוּDeuteronomy 32:10, יְסוֺבְבֶנּוּPsalm 32:10; 3feminine singular תְּסוֺבֵבJeremiah 31:22, etc.; — encompass, surround (in poetry and chiefly late): —

1 encompass (with protection), with accusative Deuteronomy 32:10 ( ׳י‎ subject), with 2 accusative יְסוֺבְבֶנּוּ חֶסֶדPsalm 32:10, compare 32:7 (but 2nd object here dubious); similarly גָּ֑בֶר תְּסוֺבֵב נְקֵבָהJeremiah 31:22 i.e. either shall protect (so most) or (Che, compare Gf) the woman (figurative of Israel), instead of holding aloof (הַשּׁוֺבֵבָה הַבַּת31:22), will, in the new future which ׳י‎ creates, with affection press round her divine husband.

2 come about, assemble round (accusative of person ׳י‎) Psalm 7:8.

3 march or go about, city (accusative) Psalm 55:11; 59:7; 59:15; altar (in solemn procession) 26:6; go about in (בְּ‎) city Song of Solomon 3:2.

4 enclose, envelop, with accusative of person Jonah 2:4; 2:6 (of waters).

Hiph`il Perfect3masculine singular הֵסֵב2 Kings 16:18 +; 2 masculine singular הֲסִבֹּ֫תָ1 Kings 18:37; 3plural הֵסַ֫בּוּ1 Samuel 5:9-10, etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular וַיַּסֵּבExodus 13:18 +, suffix וַיְסִבֵּ֫נִיEzekiel 47:2-3;masculine plural וַיַּסֵּ֫בּוּJudges 18:23 2t.; 1 plural נָסֵב2 Chronicles 14:6, cohortative נָסֵ֫בָּה1 Chronicles 13:3; Imperative masculine singular הָסֵב2 Samuel 5:23; 1 Chronicles 14:14 (but see below); feminine singular הָסֵ֫בִּיSong of Solomon 6:5; Infinitive construct הָסֵב2 Samuel 3:12; 1 Chronicles 12:33; Participle מֵסֵבJeremiah 21:4; perhaps also plural suffix מְסִבָּ֑יPsalm 140:10 (Ginsb); —

1. a. turn (transitive), cause to turn: turn face (accusative) Judges 18:23; 1 Kings 8:14 2 Chronicles 6:3 (all = turn toward); = turn round face 1 Kings 21:4, + אֶלהַֿקִּיר2 Kings 20:2 = Isaiah 38:2; + מִןEzekiel 7:22 (subject ׳י‎), 2 Chronicles 29:6 (of neglect), 35:22 (of avoiding battle); turn away eyes from (מִן‎), Song of Solomon 6:5; turn (back), change heart 1 Kings 18:37 (recall from apostasy; + אֲחֹרַנִּית‎), Ezra 6:22 (+ עַלֿ‎); turn back, reverse (weapons) Jeremiah 21:4.

b. bring over (i.e. to allegiance), with accusative + אֶלֿ‎ person, 2 Samuel 3:12; 1 Chronicles 12:24 (van d. H. v.12:23); of ׳י‎, turn over kingdom to (לְ‎) 10:14 (compare Qal 1 a, 1 Kings 2:15).

c. turn into, of changing name, 2 accusative 2 Kings 23:24 2 Chronicles 36:4; 2 Kings 24:14.

d. = bring round, with accusative 1 Samuel 5:8-9, + מִן2 Samuel 20:12; + אֶלֿ1 Samuel 5:10; 1 Chronicles 13:3; + accusative of location 2 Kings 16:18 (sense obscure).

2. a. cause to go around: of carrying ark around city (2 accusative) Joshua 6:11 (J E; but

Qal ᵑ9 ᵑ6 ᵐ5‎); lead round , i.e. by a round-about way, accusative of person + accusative דֶּרֶךְExodus 13:18 (E) Ezekiel 47:2; with accusative + infinitive of purpose 2 Chronicles 13:13; accusative omitted, lead round toward (אֶלֿ‎) 2 Samuel 5:23, away from (מֵעַלֿ‎) "" 1 Chronicles 14:14 (where, however, perhaps read as Samuel, so Be Öttli, and, in both, סֹב‎ for הָסֵב‎ Dr KitKau Hpt Bu HPS Löhr).

b. surround with (accusative) wall, 2 Chronicles 14:6 (accusative of city omitted).

c. perhaps also encompass (as foe), מְסִבָּ֑יPsalm 140:10 those encompassing me (others below מֵסַב‎ below).

Hoph`al Imperfect3masculine singular יוּסָּ֑בIsaiah 28:27; Participle feminine plural construct מֻסַבֹּתExodus 28:11; 39:6; מוּסַבֹּת39:13; Numbers 32:38 (see below); מוּסַבּוֺתEzekiel 41:24; —

1 be turned, of cart wheel, with עַלֿupon, over; דְּלָתוֺת מוּסַבּוֺתEzekiel 41:24 participle apparently as gerundive, that can be turned, movable (Ges§ 116e; Co reads מ ׳צלעות‎, compare ToyHpt); ׳מוּס שֵׁםNumbers 32:38 turned (i.e. changed) as to name, but gloss, see Di.

2 surrounded, i.e. set, of jewels (participle construct) Exodus 28:11; 39:6, 13 (all P).








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