H8478. tachath

תַּחַת‎ noun [masculine] the under part (Arabic id.), hence as

adverb accusative and

preposition underneath, below, instead of (so Arabic , Sabean תחת‎, Ethiopic Phoenician תחת‎ (Lzb³⁸⁵); Biblical Aramaic תְּחוֺת ᵑ7,‎, Palmyrene in לתחת מן‎ Tariff Genesis 1:4 (Cooke³²⁰), Syriac ); — 1 as

adverb accusative Genesis 49:25 (= Deuteronomy 33:13) the deep תָּ֑חַת רֹבֶצֶת‎ that coucheth beneath; more usually with מִתָּחַת מִן,‎ literally off (מִן‎

1c) the under part = beneath, Exodus 20:4 (= Deuteronomy 5:8) מִתָּ֑חַת בָּאָרֶץ‎ (so 4:39; Joshua 2: 1 Kings 8:23 [both D²], Isaiah 51:6), Deuteronomy 33:27; Judges 7:8; Amos 2:9; Isaiah 14:9; Job 18:16; Ezekiel 47:1b

II. as

preposition; so construct, and with suffix (usually in the plural, and so literally in the parts underneath) תַּחְתַּי‎ Habakkuk 3:16+, חַתֵּנִי‎ (compare עוֺדֶנִּי בַּעֲדֵנִי,‎: Ges^{§ 103d}) 2 Samuel 22:37, 40, 48 (Psalm 18:37; 18:40; 18:48 תַּחְתָּ֑י‎); תַּחְתֶּיךָ‎; תַּחְתָּיו‎ (Kt תַּחְתּוֺ‎ 2 Samuel 2:23; 3:12; 16:8; Job 9:13), תֵּחְתֶּיהָ‎ Leviticus 13:23 16t., תַּחְתֶּ֫נָּה‎ (compare עוֺדֶנָּה אֵינֶנָּה,‎) Genesis 2:21; תַּחְתֵּינוּ‎ 1 Samuel 14:9; Psalm 47:4; תַּחְתֵּיהֶם‎ Joshua 2:14; Amos 2:13; תַּחְתֵּיהֶם‎ Numbers 16:31; 1 Kings 20:24; 1 Chronicles 4:41; 5:22; 2 Chronicles 12:10 (for תַּחְתָּם‎ 1 Kings 14:27), תַּחְתָּם‎ Deuteronomy 2:12 10t., תַּחְתֵּקהֶן‎ Jeremiah 28:13; —

1 under, beneath, Genesis 7:19 כָּלֿ תַּחַת הַשָּׁמַיִם‎ under the whole heaven (so Deuteronomy 2:25; 4:19; Job 28:24; 37:3; 41:3; Daniel 9:12), Dan 18:4 ׳ת הָעֵץ‎, Dan 21:15; Dan 24:2+ often; Job 30:14 ׳תּ שׁוֺאָה‎ under the crash they roll themselves against me; ׳ת הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ‎ Ecclesiastes 1:3, 9, 13 +? Ecclesiastes (so in Phoenician, Cooke^{4. 7; 5. 12}). With לְ‎2 Chronicles 4:3 לוֺ תַּחַת‎, Song of Solomon 2:6 = 8:3 ׳ת לְראֹשִׁי‎. Idiomatic

a. הָהָר תַּחַת‎ at the foot of the mountain, Exodus 24:4; Deuteronomy 4:11, so 3:17 ת הַמִּסְגָּה ׳אַשְׁדֹּת‎ Joshua 11:3, 17 +; figurative Psalm 18:37 אְעָדַי תַּרְחִיד תַּחְתָּ֑י‎ thou broadenest mysteps under me, Job 36:15 תַּחְתֶּיךָ מוּצָק לאֹ רַחַב‎ (so read for תחתיה‎, Di Bu) breadth unstraitened is beneath thee.

b. ת ׳הַלָּשׁוֺן‎, of something held there as a dainty morsel, and ready, when needed, to be brought out, figurative of sweetness Song of Solomon 4:11, of evil Psalm 10:7 ת וָאָוֶן עָמָל ׳לְשֹׁנוֺ‎, Job 20:12 (so ׳ת שְׁפָתֵימוֺ‎ Psalm 140:4), of praise 66:17 ת ׳וְרוֺמַם לְשֹׁנוֺ‎ (synonym בִּגְרוֺנָם‎ 149:6).

c. פ ׳תַּחַת‎: (a) of subjection, Psalm 18:40 קָמַי רִיעַ תַּכְּ תַּחְתָּ֑י‎, 18:48 (compare 47:4; 144:2), 45:6; Job 9:13. (b) of a woman, ׳ת אִישָׁתּ‎, i.e. under his authority, Numbers 5:19-20, 29, so Ezekiel 23:5 תַּחְתַּי‎ being under me = being mine (figurative of Israel as ׳י‎s spouse), compare ὕπανδρος Romans 7:2, and Qor 66:10. (c) of being burdened or oppressed under, Isaiah 24:5 the earth ת ׳הָֽנְפָה יָֽשְׁבֶיהָ‎, Proverbs 30:21 ׳ת אֶרֶץ רָגְזָה שָׁלוֺשׁ‎, 30:22; 30:23; Habakkuk 3:7 ׳ת אָיֶן‎ i.e. (si vera 1.) suffering under calamity.

d. ׳ת פ ׳יַד‎, of authority or control, Genesis 41:35 ת בָר ׳וְיִצְבְּרוּ מַּרְעֹה יַד‎; Judges 3:30 (compare Psalm 106:42), 1 Samuel 21:4; 21:5 (strike out אֶל‎; dittograph חֹל‎), v.21:9; Isaiah 3:6.

e. ׳ת פ ׳רַגְלֵי‎, of subjection or conquest, Psalm 8:7 ת ׳שַׁתָּה כֹּל רַגְלָיו‎, 18:39; 47:4; Lamentations 3:34, compare Malachi 3:31.

2 what is under one, the place in which one stands: hence as accusative,

a. with reflexive pronoun, idiomatic, in one's place, where one stands, Exodus 16:29 אִישׁ שְׁבוּ תַּחְתָּיו‎ abide every one in his place, Leviticus 13:23, 28; Joshua 5:8; 6:5, 20; Judges 7:21; 1 Samuel 14:9 תַחְתֵּינוּ וְעָמַדְנוּ‎ we will remain where we are, 2 Samuel 2:23 תַּחְתָּו וַיָּמָת‎ he died where he was (compare Jeremiah 38:9 [read וּמֵת‎]), 7:10; Isaiah 25:10; 46:7; Amos 2:13; Habakkuk 3:16 אֶרְגָּ֑ז וְתַחְתַּי‎ I tremble where I stand, Zechariah 12:6; 14:10; Job 36:20; 40:12 תַּחְתָּם‎

b. in transferred sense, in place of, instead of: (a) Genesis 2:18; 4:25 ׳ת הֶבֶל‎ instead of Abel, 22:13 ׳ת בְּנוֺ‎, 30:2 ׳הֲת אנכי אלהיס‎ (compare 50:19), 44:33; 2 Samuel 19:1 + often; Job 16:4; Isaiah 3:24; 55:13; 61:3, 7; of one succeeding to the place of another, וַיִּמְחֹ תַּחְתָּיו‎ Genesis 36:33-49 1 Kings 8:20; 11:43; 14:20 + often, Deuteronomy 2:12, 21 תַחְתָּם וַיֵָּֽשְׁבוּ‎, Leviticus 16:32; 1 Kings 2:35 +; Psalm 45:17 in place of thy fathers (whom thou mayest therefore forget) will be thy children. compare in Ph CIS^i.3.9 (Cooke³⁰). Sq. infinitive Isaiah 60:15 ׳ת הֱיוֺתֵח‎ instead of thy being . . . Peculiarly Job 34:26 (si vera lectio)= as if they were, like; but text very dubious; Bi Bu רְשָׁעִ֑ים חֲמָתוֺ תָּחֵת‎ his wrath breaketh in pieces the wicked. (b) in particular, of things mutually interchanged, in place of, in exchange or return for: Genesis 30:15 ׳ת בְנֵח דּוּדָאֵי‎ in return, for thy son's love-apples, Exodus 21:23) גֶפְשׁ‎life for life, 21:24; 21:25; 21:26; 21:27; 21:36; Exodus 22:37, Joshua 2:14 לָמוּת תַחְתֵּיכֶם נַפְשֵׁנוּ‎, 1 Samuel 2:20; 1 Kings 20:39 ת ׳נפשׁך נפשׁו‎, 20:42 (compare 2 Kings 10:24), 21:2; Isaiah 43:3-4, often with verbs of requiting, Genesis 44:4 ת רָעָה שִׁלַּמְתֶּם ׳לָ֫מּה טוֺבָם‎ why have ye rewarded evil in exchange for good ? 1 Samuel 25:21; 2 Samuel 16:12; 19:22; Psalm 35:12 ת דָעָה ׳יְשַׁלְּמוּנִי טוֺבָה‎, 38:21a; 109:4; 109:5; Proverbs 17:3 +; Jeremiah 5:19 מֶה תַּחַת‎ in return for what? (compare עַלמֶֿה‎ 22:8; Deuteronomy 29:23; 1 Kings 9:8). So followed by infinitive Psalm 38:21b. 3 as

conjunction: a. אֲשֶׁר תַּחַת‎: (a) instead of that (German. anstatt dass), Deuteronomy 28:62 ׳ת ׳א הֱיִיתֶם‎ instead of that ye were..., instead of your being.., Ezekiel 36:34. (b) in return for (the fact) that, because that (ᵐ5‎ ἀνθ’ ὧν Amos 1:3 + often), Numbers 25:13 ׳ת לא קִנָּא ׳אֲשֶׁר‎, Deuteronomy 21:14; 22:29; 28:47; 1 Samuel 26:21; 2 Kings 22:17 2 Chronicles 34:25; Isaiah 53:12; Jeremiah 29:19; 50:7; 2 Chronicles 21:12.

b. כִּי תַּחַת‎ Deuteronomy 4:37 (but ? read : וֶַתּחִי‎ as end of 4:36), Proverbs 1:29. compare (כִּיׅ אֲשֶׁר עֵקֶב‎.

III compounds: —

1 אֶלתַּֿחַת‎, after a verb of motion:

a. (in) under, Judges 6:19 ׳ת הָאֵלָה אֶלֿ וַיּוֺצֵא‎, 1 Kings 8:6 ("" 2 Chronicles 5:7), Jeremiah 3:6; 38:11 (on 1 Samuel 21:5 see

II. 1 d); after קָרָא‎ Zechariah 3:10: so ׳אֶלתֿ ׳לְ‎ Ezekiel 10:2.

b. into the place of, Leviticus 14:42.

2 מִתַּחַת‎ (= ὑπ’ ἐκ):

a. alone, from under, from beneath as הַשָּׁמַיִם מִתַּחַת‎ Genesis 1:7, and especially after such verbs as שִׁחֵת‎ 6:17, מָחֶה‎ Exodus 17:14; Deuteronomy 9:14; 25:19; 29:19; 2 Kings 14:27, הֶאֲבִיד‎ Deuteronomy 7:24, compare Lamentations 3:66; Ezekiel 47:1 a הַבַּיִת ׳מִתּ מִמְּתַּן‎, Proverbs 22:27 מִּתַּחְתֶּיךָ מִשְׁכָּֽבְּךָ יִקַח לָ֫מָּה‎; Exodus 6:6-7, ׳מִתּ מִצְרַיִם סִבְלוֺת‎, Hosea 4:12 מִתּ ׳וַיִּזְנוּ אֱלֹהֵיהֶם‎ (compare

II. 1 c a, b); ׳מִתּ פ ׳יַד‎ (compare

II. 1 d) from under the hand (power) of ... Exodus 18:10; 2 Kings 8:20, 22; 13:5; 17:7 +; מִתַּחְתָּיו‎ (compare

II. 2 a) from his place Exodus 10:23; Zechariah 6:12. Rarely = תַּחַת‎ or לְ ׳מִתַּחַת‎, Genesis 1:9 (P) Ezekiel 1:8; 42:9; 46:23; Job 26:5.

b. לְ ׳מִתַּחַת‎ (opposed to לְ ׳מִמַּעַל‎) under, beneath: Genesis 1:17 לָרָקִיעַ מִתּ אֲשֶׁר ׳הַמַּיִם‎, Exodus 20:4 לָאָרֶץ מִתַּחַת הַמַּיִם‎ (so Deuteronomy 4:18; 5:8), Judges 3:16 ׳מִתּ לְמַדָּיו‎, Jeremiah 38:12 +; of locality, Genesis 35:8 ׳מִתּ לְבֵיתְאֵל‎, 1 Samuel 7:11; 1 Kings 4:12.

c. לְ ׳לְמִתַּחַת‎ ( compare מִן‎

9b), id quod לְ ׳מִתַּחַת‎ 1 Kings 7:32.