H7901. shakab

שָׁכַב‎ (Lag^{BN 63}) verb lie down (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; שכב‎ Ecclus 47:23 (in death), משכב‎ bed Ecclesiasticus 40:5; Ecclesiasticus 47:20d, = death bed Ecclesiasticus 46:19; Phoenician משכב שכב,‎ (see ׳מ‎

1 below), Lzb³⁷⁵; Ethiopic lie, Aramaic שְׁכַב‎, ; Nabataean משכבא‎ couch; Arabic only pour out (water, tears), be poured out (compare

Hiph`il below, and Lag^{BN 63})); —

Qal Perfect3masculine singular ׳שׁ‎ Genesis 26:10 +, etc.; Imperfect יִשְׁכַּב‎ 30:15 +, 3 masculine plural יִשְׁכְּבֻן‎ 1 Samuel 2:22, יִשְׁכָּב֑וּן‎ Joshua 2:8; Job 30:17, etc.; Imperative masculine singular שְׁכַב‎ 2 Samuel 13:5; Ezekiel 4:4, שִׁכְבָה‎ Genesis 39:7, 12, etc.; Infinitive absolute שָׁכֹב‎ Leviticus 15:24; construct שְׁכַב‎ 1 Kings 1:21 +, suffix שָׁכְבוֺ‎ Ruth 3:4, שִׁכְבָהּ‎ Genesis 19:33, 35, שָׁכְבְּךָ‎ Deuteronomy 6:7 2t.; Participle שֹׁכֵב‎ Genesis 28:13 +, feminine שֹׁכֶ֫בֶת‎ Micah 7:5; Ruth 3:8, etc.; —

1 lie down (sometimes opposed to הֵקִיץ קוּם,‎):

a. Judges 5:27 (prostrated by blow, + נָפַל כָּרַע,‎).

b. to sleep, Genesis 19:4 (J), 28:11 (E), 1 Samuel 3:5; Deuteronomy 7:7; Proverbs 6:22 + often; read וַיִּשְׁכַּב‎ also (for וַיַּשְׁכֵּם‎) 1 Samuel 9:26 ᵐ5‎ Th We Dr and modern; ׳שׁ‎ + יָשֵׁן‎ sleep 1 Kings 19:5; Psalm 3:6; Psalm 4:9, compare Proverbs 3:24 (twice in verse), + נִרְדָּם‎ Jonah 1:5; = be lying 1 Samuel 3:2-3, 26:5 (all בְּ‎ local), 26:7; 4:5 (accusative of congnate meaning with verb noon-repose), 2 Samuel 13:8, compare בְּלֶביָֿם שֹׁכֵב‎ Proverbs 23:34, of two lying (together, for warmth) Ecclesiastes 4:11; + be sleeping 1 Samuel 26:7 = keep lying, with עַד‎ Judges 16:3; 1 Samuel 3:15; Ruth 3:13; Proverbs 6:9; emphasis on resting, Leviticus 26:6 (H), Job 11:18; token of mourning, אָ֑רְצָה וְשָׁכַב‎ (וְלָן‎) 2 Samuel 12:16, compare 13:21, ׳שׁ בַּשָּׂק‎ 1 Kings 21:27, ׳שׁ שְׁפַתָּ֑יִם בֵּין‎ Psalm 68:14 (of indolence?); figurative of prostration by disease 41:9; among foes 57:5; of humiliation Jeremiah 3:25; with עַל‎ of thing: land Genesis 28:13 (J), usually bed 2 Samuel 13:5; 1 Kings 21:4; Leviticus 15:4, 24, 26, compare 15:20, for midday repose 2 Samuel 4:7.

c. lie on (עַל‎) one's side Ezekiel 4:4 (twice in verse); 4:6, 9 (symbolic).

d. lie, עַל‎ person 1 Kings 3:19 (fatally), 2 Kings 4:34 (to revive).

e. lie בְּחֵיק‎, of lamb (i.e. be cherished) 2 Samuel 12:3, of woman Micah 7:5 (intimacy), 1 Kings 1:2 (vital warmth); lie down for copulation Genesis 19:33, 35 (of woman, see

3 below; both opposed to קוּם‎).

2 = lodge (for night), ׳שׁ (שָׁ֫מָּהׅ‎ Joshua 2:1 (E), 2 Kings 4:11, compare 9:16 (yet perhaps = lie ill), Leviticus 14:47 (בְּ‎ local).

3 of sexual relations, lie with: subject man, with עִם‎ Genesis 30:15-16, 39:7, 12, 14 (J), Exodus 22:13 (E), Deuteronomy 22:22 8t. Deuteronomy; 2 Samuel 11:4, 11; 12:11, 24; Leviticus 15:33; with אֶת‎ feminine with (אֹתָהּ ᵑ0‎, etc., originally אִתָּהּ‎, etc., see Dr^{2 Samuel 13:14 and II.} אֵת‎, p. 85:a above), Genesis 26:10; 34:2, 7; 35:22 (all J), 1 Samuel 2:22 (omitted by ᵐ5‎ and modern), 2 Samuel 13:14; Ezekiel 23:8 (figurative), Leviticus 15:24 (יִשְׁכַּב שָׁכֹב‎), Numbers 5:19, also (with accusative of congnate meaning with verb שִׁכְבַתזֶֿרַע‎) 5:13; Leviticus 15:18; 19:20; with accusative (suffix) feminine Deuteronomy 28:30 Kt (see [ שָׁגֵל‎]); with אֵצֶל‎ feminine Genesis 39:10 (J); with אֵת‎ of a man (sodomy), Leviticus 18:22; 20:13 (both H; with accusative of congnate meaning with verb אִשָּׁה מִשְׁכְּבֵי‎); with עִםבְּֿהֵמָה‎ Deuteronomy 27:21; Leviticus 22:18 (H); subject woman, with עִם‎ of a man Genesis 19:32, 34, 35 (J) 2 Samuel 13:11; אֵת‎ of a man Genesis 19:33-34, (compare 1e above).

4. a. lie down in death, Isaiah 14:8; 43:17 (opposed to קוּם‎), Ezekiel 31:18; 32:27-28, 29, 30; Job 14:12 (opposed to הֵקִיץ קוּם,‎), ׳שׁ וְאֶשְׁקוֺט‎ 3:12; be lying (dead) Isaiah 51:20; Lamentations 2:21.

b. especially in phrase ׳שׁ אֲבוֺתָיו עִם‎ lie down with his fathers, of kings 1 Kings 1:21; 2:10 35t. Kings Chronicles, compare Genesis 47:30 (J) Deuteronomy 31:16, and (with אֵת‎) 2 Samuel 7:12

c. in grave, בְּבֵיתוֺ‎ Isaiah 14:18 (opposed to מִקִּבְרְךָ‎), קֶבֶר שֹׁכְבֵי‎ Psalm 88:6; לֶעָפָר‎ Job 7:21, ׳עַלעֿ‎ 20:11; 21:26; in sh®°ôl Ezekiel 32:21; in Gehenna (?) Isaiah 50:11.

5 figurative = relax: Job 30:17 my gnawing pains do not sleep; = have rest, שׁ ׳לֹא לִבּוֺ‎ Ecclesiastes 2:23.

Niph`al Pu`al = be lain with (sexually; subject woman), only as Qr for Kt [שָׁגֵל‎]

Niph`al Pu`al q. v.

Hiph`il lay, Perfect3feminine singular הִשְׁכִּיבָה‎ with accusative puer. + בְּחֵיק‎ 1 Kings 3:20, so Imperfect3feminine singular suffix וַתַּשְׁכִּיבֵהוּ‎ 3:20, compare (עַלמִֿטָּה‎) 17:19; 2 Kings 4:21; Infinitive absolute אַ֫רְצָה אוֺתָם הַשְׁכֵּב‎ 2 Samuel 8:2 making them lie down on ground; Imperfect also lay בַּמִּשְׁכָּב‎2 Chronicles 16:14 (of burial); יַשְׁכִּיב מִי שָׁמַיִם נִבְלֵי‎ Job 38:37 i.e. tip them so that contents may flow out (compare Arabic above).

Hoph`al Participle מֻשְׁכָּב‎ 2 Kings 4:32 laid עַלמִֿטָּה‎; Perfect consecutive וְהֻשְׁכַּב‎ Ezekiel 32:32 shall be laid (in death), with בְּתוֺךְ‎ and אֵת‎ person (with); so Imperative masculine singular הָשְׁכְּבָה‎ 32:19 (with אֵת‎ person only).