H2891. taher

טָהֵר‎ verb be clean, pure (Arabic , id.; Late Hebrew id., Pi`el make or declare ceremonially clean; Aramaic טְהַר‎ emptiness, טִיהֲרָא‎ brightness; Sabean טהר‎ Hal⁶⁸²; Ethiopic purify, wash oneself with water) —

Qal Perfect ׳ט‎ Leviticus 11:32 12t.; 3 feminine singular טָֽהֲרָה‎ 12:7; 15:28; טָהֵ֑רָה‎ 12:8 etc., + 5 t. Perfect; Imperfect יִטְהַר‎ 15:13; Job 4:17 etc., + 9 t. Imperfect; Imperative טְהָ֑ר‎ 2 Kings 5:10, 13; —

1 be clean, i.e. (miraculously) freed from leprosy by washing in the Jordan 2 Kings 5:10, 12, 13, 14.

2 be clean ceremonially (only H P), Leviticus 15:13, 28 (twice in verse) (P), 22:4 (H); by washing with water, the flesh 22:7 (H); garments 13:6, 34, 58; Numbers 31:24 (all P); both flesh and garments Leviticus 17:5 (H), 14:8-9, 15:13; Numbers 19:19 (all P); other articles Leviticus 11:32 (P); passing things through the fire Numbers 31:23 (P); offering sin-offerings Leviticus 12:7-8, 14:20 (P); by the ceremony of the two birds 14:53 (P); by ashes of red heifer Numbers 19:12 (twice in verse) (P).

3 be clean morally, of people, made clean by ׳י‎s scattering clean water upon them Ezekiel 36:25; of Jerusalem, specifically made clean from idolatry, under figure of adultery Jeremiah 13:27; also followed by מִן‎ Ezekiel 24:13 (twice in verse) (purification by ׳י‎); made clean מִכָּלחַֿטּאֹתֵיכֶם‎ Leviticus 16:30 (P; by the sin-offering of the atonement day); also of the individual, be clean מֵחַטָּאוֺת‎ Proverbs 20:9 ("" זכה‎); become clean by use of hyssop Psalm 51:9 ("" אַלְבִּין‎); more Generally יִטְהַרגָּֿ֑בֶר אִםמֵֿעשֵֹׁהוּ‎ Job 4:17 shall a man be more pure than his maker? ("" יִצְדָּ֑ק‎).

Pi`el Perfect טִהַר‎ Leviticus 13:3-4t.; suffix טִהֲרוֺ‎ 13:6 5t.; 2 masculine singular טִהַרְתָּ‎ Numbers 8:6, 15 etc. + 7 t. Perfect; Imperfect; יְטַהֵר‎2 Chronicles 34:5 etc. + 4 t. Imperfect; Imperative suffix טַהֲרֵנִי‎ Psalm 51:4; Infinitive construct טַהֵר‎ Ezekiel 39:12 5t.; suffix טַהֲרִי‎ 36:33 etc. + 4 t. Infinitive; Participle מְטַחֵר‎ Leviticus 14:11; Malachi 3:3; — chiefly P;

1 cleanse, purify:

a. physically, metals from dross Malachi 3:3; land from corpses Ezekiel 39:12, 14, 16; heavens from clouds Job 37:21; temple from unclean things 2 Chronicles 29:15-16, 18; land and city from Asherim and images 34:3, 5, 8; store-chambers of temple from household stuff Nehemiah 13:9; priesthood by exclusion of alien blood 13:30.

b. ceremonially, the altar of incense by the blood of the annual sin-offering Leviticus 16:19 (P); the people, gates, and wall (by some undefined ceremony) Nehemiah 12:30; the altar of the court by the blood of sin-offerings Ezekiel 43:26; of consecration of Levites by חטאת מֵי‎ Numbers 8:6-7, (P), and חטאת‎ 8:15, 21 (P).

c. morally Leviticus 16:30 (P), Ezekiel 37:23; Malachi 3:3; מֵחַטָּאֹת‎ Psalm 51:4; מֵעונ(ותׅ‎ Jeremiah 33:8; Ezekiel 36:33; מִטּמא(ו)ת‎ 24:13; 36:25.

2 pronounce clean, ceremonially Leviticus 13:6; 13:13; 13:17; 13:23; Leviticus 12:28; 13:34, 37, 59; 14:7, 48 (all P).

3 perform the ceremony of cleansing Leviticus 14:11 (P).

Pu`al Perfect3masculine singular טֹהַר‎ 1 Samuel 20:26 (so. read for ᵐ5 טהור ᵑ0‎ We Dr, he is not clean, because he hath not been cleansed); Participle מְטֹהָרָה לֹא אֶרֶץ‎ a land not cleansed Ezekiel 22:24 (but ᵐ5‎ Hi Ew Co SS read a land not rained upon, see מטר‎).

Hithpa`el Perfect3plural הִטָּֽהֲרוּ‎ Ezra 6:20; הִטֶּהָ֑רוּ‎ (Kö^{i. 271}) 2 Chronicles 30:18; Numbers 8:7; 1plural הִטַּהַרְנוּ‎ Joshua 22:17; Imperfect יִטָּֽהֲרוּ‎ Nehemiah 12:30; Imperative הִטָּֽהֲרוּ‎ Genesis 35:2; Participle מִטַּהֵר‎ Leviticus 14:7 11t.; plural מִטַּהֲרִים‎ Nehemiah 13:22; Isaiah 66:17; — reflexive:

1 purify oneself:

a. ceremonially, especially in preparation for sacred duties Genesis 35:2 (R), Numbers 8:7; 2 Chronicles 30:18; Ezra 6:20; Nehemiah 13:22; also for heathen mysteries Isaiah 66:17; of purifying priests, people, and wall Nehemiah 12:30 (compare Pi`el 1 b).

b. morally Joshua 22:17 (P).

2 present oneself for purification, only participle הַמִּטַּהֵר‎ the candidate for purification Leviticus 14:4, 7, 8, 11, 14, 17, 18, 19, 25, 28, 29, 31 (P).