Prolongation from a primary verb, another form of which, matheo, is used as an alternate in certain tenses; to learn (in any way) -- learn, understand.

a. universally: absolutely, to increase one's knowledge, 1 Timothy 2:11; 2 Timothy 3:7; to be increased in knowledge, 1 Corinthians 14:31; τί, Romans 16:17; 1 Corinthians 14:35; Philippians 4:9; 2 Timothy 3:14; Revelation 14:3; in John 7:15 supply αὐτά; followed by an indirect question, Matthew 9:13; Χριστόν, to be imbued with the knowledge of Christ, Ephesians 4:20; τί followed by ἀπό with the genitive of the thing furnishing the instruction, Matthew 24:32; Mark 13:28; ἀπό with the genitive of the person teaching, Matthew 11:29; Colossians 1:7; as in classical Greek (cf. Krüger, § 68, 34, 1; Buttmann, § 147, 5 (cf. 167 (146) and ἀπό, II. 1 d.)); followed by παρά with the genitive of person teaching, 2 Timothy 3:14 cf. John 6:45; followed by ἐν with the dative of person, in one i. e. by his example (see ἐν, I. 3 b.), 1 Corinthians 4:6 (cf. Winers Grammar, 590 (548f); Buttmann, 394f (338)).

b. equivalent to to hear, be informed: followed by ὅτι, Acts 23:27; τί ἀπό τίνος (genitive of person), Galatians 3:2 (see ἀπό, as above).

c. to learn by use and practice; (in the preterite) to be in the habit of, accustomed to: followed by an infinitive, 1 Timothy 5:; Titus 3:14; Philippians 4:11 (Aeschylus Prom. 1068; Xenophon, an. 3, 2, 25); ἔμαθεν ἀφ' ὧν ἔπαθε τήν ὑπακοήν, Hebrews 5:8 (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 68, 1 and ἀπό, as above). In the difficult passage 1 Timothy 5:13, neither ἀργαί depends upon the verb μανθάνουσι (which would mean they learn to be idle, or learn idleness; so Bretschneider (Lexicon, under the word 2 b.), and Winers Grammar, 347 (325f); (cf. Stallbaum's note and references on Plato's Euthydemus, p. 276 b.)), nor περιερχόμενοι (they learn to go about from house to house, — so the majority of interpreters; for, according to uniform Greek usage, a participle joined to the verb μανθάνειν and belonging to the subject denotes what sort of a person one learns or perceives himself to be, as ἔμαθεν ἔγκυος οὖσα, she perceived herself to be with child, Herodotus 1, 5); but μανθάνειν must be taken absolutely (see a. above) and emphatically, of what they learn by going about from house to house and what it is unseemly for them to know; cf. Bengel ad loc, and Buttmann, § 144, 17; (so Wordsworth, in the place cited). (Compare: καταμανθάνω.)